The recent COP29 conference in Baku, Azerbaijan, concluded with a mix of positive and negative reactions from delegates.
The primary focus on climate finance for developing nations did not meet expectations, leading to disagreements among the participating countries. The conference extended by 33 hours due to these disagreements.
The goal of securing over $1 trillion annually for climate actions in developing nations was not achieved, causing tension during negotiations. Delegates from climate-vulnerable nations staged a protest to express their frustration over their lack of representation.
Despite the challenges, an agreement on climate finance was reached, but for a smaller amount than initially hoped for. The agreement mandates developed countries to contribute $300 billion annually to climate finance for developing nations by 2035. The document does not specify the sources of this funding, leaving that question open for further clarification. China, as a developing country, is not obligated to contribute to climate financing, but it has indicated a willingness to make a voluntary contribution.
The reactions to the agreement have been polarized, with some viewing it as a significant step forward and others considering it a "disaster" for developing nations. The involvement of multinational corporations and geopolitical uncertainty further complicated the dynamics at COP29.
The outcomes of COP29 highlight the delicate balance between ambition and reality in international negotiations. The commitment to clarify funding sources and ongoing discussions on climate finance will be crucial as nations prepare for the next conference in Brazil.