India's ports sector is currently experiencing a significant transformation due to the implementation of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs).

It is projected that by the end of the decade, 85% of cargo at major ports will be handled through these PPP models. At present, 51% of major ports already operate under PPPs, and this number is expected to increase as the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways aims to award 100% of terminals under this framework in the future.

The adoption of PPPs has resulted in the modernization of port facilities, improved operational efficiencies, and a stronger position in global trade. This strategic shift is in line with various government initiatives such as Sagarmala, PM Gati Shakti, 'Make in India', and the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme, all of which aim to strengthen India's role as a global manufacturing and export hub. The success of India's first privately operated container terminal at JNPT has set a precedent for the wider implementation of PPP models in the sector.