The allocation of key portfolios within the European Commission has consistently favored larger member states, such as France, Germany, Italy, and Poland, since 2004. This trend highlights the significant influence these countries have in shaping the EU's single market and industrial policies.
France, in particular, has played a prominent role in charge of industry and single market briefs. This pattern raises concerns about the representation of all member states in the Commission, as smaller countries often find themselves assigned to less influential portfolios. The recent reshuffling of portfolios has further highlighted these disparities, with larger countries continuing to dominate the most impactful areas of EU governance.
France's focus on internal market strategy has been noticed, with the recent nomination of Stéphane Séjourné to lead prosperity and industrial strategy. Critics argue that this focus may serve to benefit French industrial champions at the expense of broader EU interests. However, proponents suggest that France's industrial vision could enhance the EU's competitiveness in the global market. This perception has caused tension among other member states, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, who view some of France's policies as overly protectionist.
While larger countries secure significant roles, smaller nations are often assigned to less visible mandates. Portfolios related to development, equality, culture, and health are predominantly given to late EU-joiners and smaller member states. This concentration of impactful responsibilities among the EU's largest economies leaves smaller countries with limited influence in critical areas. The recent appointments have disappointed several EU capitals, as the distribution of portfolios does not align with the Commission's goal of equality among member states.
The leadership style of Commission President Ursula von der Leyen has also influenced the distribution of responsibilities among commissioners. Concerns have been raised that incoming commissioners may have limited powers, hindering their ability to effect meaningful change. This has led to frustration among member states that feel sidelined in the decision-making process.
As the new team of commissioners prepares to take office, the distribution of portfolios will be closely monitored. The tension between larger and smaller member states highlights the challenges of achieving a balanced representation within the EU's governance structure. The Commission's ability to navigate these complexities will be crucial in determining the effectiveness of its policies and the overall cohesion of the European project.