Austria has shown support for Romania and Bulgaria's membership in the EU's Schengen free-travel zone. The decision could be made by December 12, allowing these countries to join as early as January 1.
Initially, they were expected to join in 2023 but faced opposition from Austria and the Netherlands due to concerns over migration. The internal affairs ministers of Hungary, Austria, Bulgaria, and Romania have agreed to lift land border checks, contingent upon joint efforts to manage irregular migration. Air and maritime controls have already been lifted, but land border checks remain in place. Checks between Hungary and Romania, as well as between Romania and Bulgaria, will be maintained for at least six months.
Full Schengen membership would enhance economic growth for Romania, particularly through land routes. The ongoing border checks have caused frustration and disruptions to the economies of both Romania and Bulgaria. Austria's previous veto against their entry has drawn criticism.
There has been a decline in migrant arrivals, but Austria remains cautious. The recent discussions reflect migration trends within the EU. Overall irregular migration has decreased, and there have been no issues since the lifting of air border controls. Austria's cautious approach highlights concerns about public policy and internal security.
The outcome of the December 12 meeting will be closely watched. The potential inclusion of Romania and Bulgaria raises questions about the future of EU border policies and migration management. The decision will impact the two nations and could set a precedent for future expansions of the Schengen area.