As electric vehicles (EVs) become more common, there is a growing concern about battery safety.
While traditional gas-powered vehicles are more prone to fires, lithium-ion battery fires present unique challenges. To address this, super-light materials, specifically thermal barriers produced by Aspen Aerogels, are being used to enhance the safety of EV batteries. These thermal barriers can be strategically placed between battery cells to slow the spread of thermal runaway and provide drivers with more time to evacuate in case of an emergency.
Automakers like General Motors, Toyota, and Audi have already incorporated Aspen Aerogels' materials into their vehicle designs, and the company is planning to establish a new factory in Georgia to meet the increasing demand for enhanced battery safety solutions. The financial success of Aspen Aerogels reflects the market's interest in battery safety technologies, with sales expected to reach $110 million in 2023 and potentially double in 2024.
While the introduction of thermal barriers is a significant advancement in battery safety, there is a concern about their impact on energy density. However, aerogels, which are predominantly composed of microscopic air pockets, provide effective insulation without significantly compromising energy density.
The cost of incorporating these materials into EVs ranges from $300 to $1,000, depending on the vehicle and automaker. The establishment of the new manufacturing facility in Georgia is supported by a loan from the Department of Energy (DOE), and it marks a significant milestone in Aspen Aerogels' efforts to solidify its position in the EV market.
While thermal barriers cannot eliminate the risk of thermal runaway entirely, they are an important component of a comprehensive strategy to enhance battery safety. As the automotive industry continues to evolve, the integration of advanced materials like aerogels into battery design will play a crucial role in shaping the future of electric vehicles.