Swiss health insurance companies have experienced a significant increase in spending on medicines, reaching CHF9 billion in 2023. This rise in medication costs can be attributed to factors such as an aging population, the introduction of expensive therapies, and an increase in the number of patients requiring treatment. These rising costs are concerning as they make up a significant portion of Switzerland's overall healthcare expenditure, which was around CHF92 billion last year.
The demographic landscape in Switzerland is changing, with an increasing number of individuals over the age of 65. As people age, their need for medication typically increases, resulting in higher demand and overall healthcare costs. Cancer and immune system drugs are major contributors to medication expenses, accounting for nearly one-third of total costs. However, these drugs represent only a small percentage of medication purchases, highlighting the contrast between cost and volume. The average annual cost for the five most expensive cancer drugs is around CHF90,000 per patient.
The introduction of innovative medications, such as those used in diabetes and weight loss treatments, has also contributed to rising costs. Supply chain issues have led to delays in delivery and increased expenses. Health insurance spending on diabetes medications has surged to approximately CHF455 million. The trend of prescribing newer, more expensive therapies over older, more affordable options is evident in the treatment of diabetes and weight loss.
To address the escalating costs of medication, Swiss lawmakers are considering implementing volume discounts or rebates on pharmaceuticals. This proposal aims to require pharmaceutical companies to offer discounts to health insurers once sales exceed a certain threshold. Experts view this as a viable solution to manage rising medication costs. The use of generics could also lead to significant cost savings, as they currently account for two-thirds of outpatient medication costs.
The interplay between demographic changes, medication costs, and policy responses will be critical in shaping the future of health insurance and patient care in Switzerland. Ongoing discussions in parliament regarding drug pricing and cost containment strategies will play a pivotal role in determining how effectively Switzerland can manage its healthcare expenditures while ensuring access to necessary treatments for its aging population.